FAA Medication Guidelines for Pilots
Not all medications are approved for use while flying. Before taking any prescription or over-the-counter medication, it’s important to understand how it may affect your medical certification and flight safety. The FAA provides a helpful guide outlining medication policies and restrictions to help pilots make informed decisions.
Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners
The Guide provides pertinent information and guidance needed to perform the duties and responsibilities of an Aviation Medical Examiner.
NOTE: Updates to the AME Guide are posted on the last Wednesday of each month, usually before 9:00 a.m. CT. For specific dates, see the 2026 update schedule.
AME ALERT
Current revision date – October 28, 2026
New disposition tables:
Miscellaneous updates:
- November updates will publish Wednesday, November 18th, 2026.
- Updated Pharmaceutical Medications section and linked to MedGuide
- Added AMCS upload title WEIGHT LOSS MANAGEMENT or PREDIABETES STATUS REPORT (PDF) and Amblyopia Status Summary (PDF)
See the Archives and Updates Section (PDF) for more information.
- FAA Form 8500-8; Application Process and Examination Techniques
- General Information
- Applicant History (Items 1-20)
- Examination Techniques (Items 21-58)
- Application Review (Items 59-64)
- Aeromedical Decision Considerations
Resources
- Top Medical Conditions by Age Group ***NEW***
- Frequently used webpages
- AMCS Technical Support (PDF)
- Download, Print, or View the Complete AME Guide (PDF) (best viewed using Google Chrome)
- Archives and Updates – Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners (PDF)
- Designee Management Policy – FAA Order 8000.95C
- Glossary
- International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) – The International Standards on Personnel Licensing are contained in Annex 1 – Personnel Licensing to the Convention on International Civil Aviation. The FAA maintains an updated, hard copy of all the ICAO Annexes and also an on-line subscription. The FAA makes copies of Annex 1 available at seminars and can provide Examiners access upon request.
- Locate an Office
- 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 67 Medical Standards and Certification
- Pilot Information – Current Detailed Clinical Progress Note (PDF)
- Student Pilot Rule Change (PDF)
- Listing of HIMS AMEs and HIMS Independent Medical Sponsors: MS Word, PDF
- AAM Medical Certification – OneGuide
AMCSAerospace Medical Certification Subsystem | ||
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Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners
Application Process for Medical Certification
This section contains guidance for items on the Medical History and General Information page of FAA Form 8500-8, Application for Airman Medical Certificate or Airman Medical and Student Pilot Certificate.
- Applicant History (Items 1-20)
- Exam Techniques (Items 21-58)
- Application Review (Items 59-64)
- General Information
Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners
Application Process for Medical Certification – Applicant History
This section contains guidance for items on the Medical History and General Information page of FAA Form 8500-8, Application for Airman Medical Certificate.
- AME Guidance for Positive Identification of Airmen and Application Distribution Procedures
- Prior to the examination
- After the Applicant Completes the Medical History of the FAA Form 8500-8
| Item(s) | Description |
|---|---|
| 1-2 | Application For: Class of Medical Certificate Applied For |
| 3-10 | Items 3-10 on the FAA Form 8500-8 must be entered as identification. While most are self-explanatory (as indicated in the MedXPress drop-down menus next to individual items) specific instructions include: Last Name; First Name; Middle Name Social Security Number (SSN) Address and Telephone Number Date of Birth Color of Hair Color of Eyes Sex Type of Airman Certificate(s) You Hold |
| 11-12 | Occupation, Employer |
| 13 | Has Your FAA Airman Medical Certificate Ever Been Denied, Suspended, or Revoked? |
| 14-15 | Total Pilot Time |
| 16 | Date of Last FAA Medical Application |
| 17 a | Do You Currently Use Any Medication (Prescription or Nonprescription)? |
| 17 b | Do You Ever Use Near Vision Contact Lens(es) While Flying? |
| 18 | Medical History |
| 19 | Visits to Health Professional Within Last 3 Years |
| 20 | Applicant’s National Driver Register and Certifying Declaration |
Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners
Application Process for Medical Certification – Application Review
This section provides guidance for the completion of Items 59-64 of FAA Form 8500-8. The Examiner is responsible for conducting the examination. However, he or she may delegate to a qualified physician’s assistant, nurse, aide, or laboratory assistant the testing required for Items 49-58. Regardless of who performs the tests, the Examiner is responsible for the accuracy of the findings, and this responsibility may not be delegated.
The medical history page of FAA Form 8500-8 must be completed and certified by the applicant or it will not appear in AMCS. After all routine evaluations and tests are completed, the Examiner should review FAA Form 8500-8. If the form is complete and accurate, the Examiner should add final comments, make qualification decision statements, and certify the examination.
Upon completion of the physical examination, the entire FAA Form 8500-8, Items 1 through 64, must be electronically transmitted to the FAA.
| Items 59 to 61 | Items 62 to 64 |
|---|---|
| 59. Other Tests Given | 62. Has Been Issued |
| 60. Comments on History and Findings | 63. Disqualifying Defects |
| 61. Applicant’s Name | 64. Medical Examiner’s Declaration |
Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners – Application Process for Medical Certification
Exam Techniques and Criteria for Qualification
The Examiner must personally conduct the physical examination. This section provides guidance for completion of Items 21-58 of the Application for Airman Medical Certificate, FAA Form 8500 8.
The Examiner must carefully read the applicant’s history page of FAA Form 8500-8 (Items 1-20) before conducting the physical examination and completing the Report of Medical Examination. This alerts the Examiner to possible pathological findings.
The Examiner must note in Item 60 of the FAA Form 8500-8 any condition found in the course of the examination. The Examiner must list the facts, such as dates, frequency, and severity of occurrence.
When a question arises, the Federal Air Surgeon encourages Examiners first to check this Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners and other FAA informational documents. If the question remains unresolved, the Examiner should seek advice from a RFS or the AMCD.
After all routine evaluations and tests are completed, the Examiner should make a complete review of FAA Form 8500-8. If the form is complete and accurate, the Examiner should add final comments, make qualification decision statements, and sign the declaration. The medical history page of FAA Form 8500-8 must be completed in the handwriting of and signed and dated by the applicant. Upon completion of the physical examination, the entire FAA Form 8500-8, Items 1 through 64, must be electronically transmitted to the FAA.
Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners
Application Process for Medical Certification – General Information
This General Information section provides input to assist an Aviation Medical Examiner (AME), otherwise known as an Examiner, in performing his or her duties in an efficient and effective manner. It also describes Examiner responsibilities as the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) representative in medical certification matters and as the link between airmen and the FAA.
- Aeromedical Summary
- Airman Appeals
- Authority of Aviation Medical Examiners
- Authorization for Special Issuance of a Medical Certificate and AME Assisted Special Issuance (AASI)
- Classes of Medical Certificates
- Disposition of Applications and Medical Examinations
- English Proficiency and Pilot Medical Certification (PDF)
- Equipment Requirements (PDF)
- Examination Fees
- Legal Responsibilities of Designated Aviation Medical Examiners
- Medical Certificates – AME Completion
- Medical Certification Decision Making
- No Alternate Examiners Designated
- Operations Not Requiring a Medical Certificate
- Pilot Information – Current Detailed Clinical Progress Note (PDF)
- Privacy of Medical Information
- Protection and Destruction of Forms
- Questions or Requests for Assistance
- Reexamination of an Airman
- Release of Information
- Replacement of Medical Certificates
- Subpoena for Medical Records or Testimony: AME Guidance (PDF)
- Title 14 CFR § 61.53, Prohibition on Operations During Medical Deficiency
- Validity of Medical Certificates
- Who May Be Certified
- Medical Certificates Requested for any Situation or Job Other than a Pilot or Air Traffic Controller
Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners
Decision Considerations
The Examiner must personally conduct the physical examination. This section provides guidance for completion of Items 21-64 of the Application for Airman Medical Certificate or Airman Medical and Student Pilot Certificate, FAA Form 8500-8.
The Examiner must carefully read the applicant’s history page of FAA Form 8500-8 (Items 1-20) before conducting the physical examination and completing the Report of Medical Examination. This alerts the Examiner to possible pathological findings.
The Examiner must note in Item 60 of the FAA Form 8500-8 any condition found in the course of the examination. The Examiner must list the facts, such as dates, frequency, and severity of occurrence.
When a question arises, the Federal Air Surgeon encourages Examiners first to check this Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners and other FAA informational documents. If the question remains unresolved, the Examiner should seek advice from a RFS or the Manager of the AMCD.
The medical history page of FAA Form 8500-8 must be completed and certified by the applicant or it will not appear in AMCS. After all routine evaluations and tests are completed, the Examiner should review FAA Form 8500-8. If the form is complete and accurate, the Examiner should add final comments, make qualification decision statements, and certify the examination.
Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners
Decision Considerations – Aerospace Medical Dispositions
Click any of the following Aerospace Medical Disposition Tables to access the most common conditions of aeromedical significance, and course of action that should be taken by the AME.
- The tables are not all inclusive.
- For any Condition Not Listed (PDF), see that page for general guidance.
- Do NOT issue a medical certificate without first consulting AMCD or RFS if:
- The condition requires deferral per the tables, or
- The condition is not listed and may cause subtle or sudden incapacitation.
Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners
Decision Considerations – Disease Protocols
The following lists the Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners Disease Protocols, and course of action that should be taken by the Examiner as defined by aeromedical decision considerations. Also see Certification Worksheets.
- Allergies, Severe
- Antidepressants (PDF)
- Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
- Binocular Multifocal and Accommodating Devices
- Bundle Branch Block (BBB)
- Cardiac Testing (PDF)
- Cardiac Valve Replacement (PDF)
- Cardiovascular Evaluation (CVE) (PDF)
- Conductive Keratoplasty
- Coronary Heart Disease (CHD/ Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Recertification Status Summary (PDF)
- Coronary Heart Disease – 1st and 2nd Class (PDF)
- Coronary Heart Disease – 3rd Class (PDF)
- Diabetes Mellitus – Diet Controlled
- Diabetes Mellitus Type I or Type II – Insulin Treated – CGM Option
- Diabetes Mellitus – Insulin Treated – (Non CGM) Third Class Option
- Diabetes Mellitus Treated with Any Medication Other Than Insulin
- Graded Exercise Stress Test Requirements (Maximal)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
- Implanted Pacemaker
- Liver Transplant (Recipient)
- Metabolic Syndrome – Medication Controlled
- Musculoskeletal Evaluation
- Neurocognitive Impairment
- Neurologic Evaluation (PDF)
- Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
- Peptic Ulcer
- Psychiatric Evaluation
- Psychiatric and Psychological Evaluations
- 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) (PDF)
- Substances of Dependence/Abuse (Drugs and Alcohol)
- Thromboembolic Disease
Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners
MedGuide
Important Rules When Using This Guide:
- Underlying Condition: Evaluating medication use requires considering the impact of safety of flight from both the medication and underlying condition. Wait times are not determined solely by the medication; an extended observation period may be required to verify clinical stability of the condition.
- Initial Wait Times: When starting a new medication, in most cases, a 48-hour wait time is required before returning to safety-related duties. This period allows the medication to take effect and ensures no aeromedically significant side effects develop. Longer wait times may apply to higher risk medications, whereas medications with minimal systemic effects may be shortened. Please see the specific medications for guidance.
- Adverse Effects & Reporting: Cease flying or safety-related duties (SRD) immediately if any aeromedically concerning adverse side effects develop prior to duty, according to 14 CFR § 61.53 for pilots and Order 3930.3C for ATCS. Pilots should notify their treating physician and/or FAA prior to flight; ATCSs should notify their Regional Flight Surgeon (RFS) before starting their shift.
- Future Releases: This is version 1.0 of the MedGuide. Additional information and medications will be added to the tool in upcoming releases.
Key Definitions at a Glance
Definitions are provided below for quick reference.
Use Categories
ALLOWED: The medication is acceptable for use while performing flight or safety-related duties, provided the condition is stable/aeromedically acceptable and no adverse side effects are present.
Frequency
- Within label directions or as prescribed: Medications are generally safe for use in aviation.
Wait Times
- INITIAL Wait Time (after first dose): The initial observation period required after starting a new medication to allow for therapeutic effect and ensure no adverse side effects occur. NOTE: ATCSs must notify Regional Flight Surgeon prior to their next shift.
- SUBSEQUENT Dose Wait Time (after each dose): The observation period required after the last dose before reporting for flight or SRDs. This additional time is needed to mitigate aeromedically significant adverse effects.
- DISCONTINUATION Wait Time (after final dose): For medications that are allowed, the observation time needed to verify no symptom recurrence (rebound), withdrawal risk, and condition stability after stopping the medication.
Users
- “FAA ATCS” refers to Air Traffic Control Specialist employed by the FAA
- “Pilot” refers to all pilots and contract controllers (any Air traffic controller who is not employed by the FAA. E.g. civilian contract towers or the military.)
Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners
Pharmaceutical Medications
Aeromedical certification requires evaluating both the underlying medical condition and its treatment. A medication cannot be assessed in isolation; the condition often presents an equal or greater risk to flight safety than the treatment.
While many chronic conditions managed by approved medications are permissible, airmen with acute, self-limiting illnesses should not fly while symptomatic or taking medication.
Medication Guidance
The FAA MedGuide helps identify the aeromedical status of a medication, which must always be evaluated in the context of the underlying medical condition.
MedGuide Scope and Limitations
- Phased Release and Scope: The FAA MedGuide is not exhaustive. It is a partial list released in sections as additional medications are reviewed. The presence or absence of a drug does not imply FAA approval or restriction.
- No Self-Assessment: Airmen must not use this list to self-determine fitness to fly, evaluate combination therapies, or establish compliance with 14 CFR § 61.53.
- Clinical Judgment Required: The MedGuide provides guidance only and does not replace an examiner’s aeromedical clinical judgment.
For medications not yet listed or for complex regimens, AMEs should consult the dedicated pharmaceutical guidance tables and condition-specific protocols throughout the AME Guide Pharmaceutical section.
Disqualifying Medications
Certain medications directly degrade pilot performance. AMEs must not issue medical certificates to applicants using these substances without FAA clearance and must advise them not to fly. For specific wait time and restrictions, refer to Do Not Issue – Do Not Fly.
****NEW****
View the FAA MedGuide here.
Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners
Special Issuances
The following pages of the Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners introduce the AME Assisted Special Issuance (AASI) process.
The Guide refers to a number of selected medical conditions that are initially disqualifying (if the applicant does not meet the issue criteria in the Aerospace Medicine Dispositions Tables or the Certification Worksheets) and must be deferred to the AMCD or RFS. If this is a first-time application for an AASI for the applicable disease/condition, and the airman has all the requisite medical information necessary for a determination, the Examiner must defer and submit all of the documentation to the AMCD or RFS for the initial determination.
Following the granting of an Authorization for Special Issuance of a Medical Certificate (Authorization) by the AMCD or RFS, an Examiner may reissue a medical certificate to an applicant with a medical history of an initially disqualifying condition once the AASI’s specialized criteria is met and the applicant is otherwise qualified. An Examiner’s decision or determination is subject to review by the FAA.
Each AASI has their own specialized clinical criteria, by which an Examiner may reissue a medical certificate to an applicant with a medical history of an initially disqualifying condition, if otherwise qualified. The Authorization letter is accompanied by attachments that specify the information that treating physician(s) must provide for the re-issuance determination.
Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners
Special Issuances, AASI for All Classes
The Guide refers to a number of selected medical conditions that are initially disqualifying (if the applicant does not meet the issue criteria in the Aerospace Medicine Dispositions Tables or the Certification Worksheets) and must be deferred to the AMCD or RFS. If this is a first-time application for an AASI for a disqualifying disease/condition, and the applicant has all of the requisite medical information necessary for a determination, the Examiner must defer, and submit all of the documentation to the AMCD or your RFS.
Following the granting of an Authorization for Special Issuance of a Medical Certificate (Authorization) by the AMCD or RFS, an Examiner may reissue a medical certificate to an applicant with a medical history of an initially disqualifying condition once the AASI’s specialized criteria is met and the applicant is otherwise qualified.
Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners
Special Issuances – AASI for Third-Class
AME Assisted Special Issuance (AASI) is a process that provides Examiners the ability to re-issue an airman medical certificate under the provisions of an Authorization for Special Issuance of a Medical Certificate (Authorization) to an applicant who has a medical condition that is disqualifying under Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) part 67.
The AASI’s listed below are presently restricted to the issue of a third-class airman medical certificate.
An FAA physician provides the initial certification decision and grants the Authorization in accordance with 14 CFR 67.401. The Authorization letter is accompanied by attachments that specify the information that treating physician(s) must provide for the re-issuance determination.
If this is a first-time application for an AASI for a disqualifying disease/condition, and the applicant has all the requisite medical information necessary for a determination, the Examiner must defer and submit all of the documentation to the AMCD or RFS for the initial determination.
For Third-class:
- Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) (to include):
- Angina Pectoris
- Atherectomy
- Brachytherapy
- Coronary Bypass Grafting
- Myocardial Infarction
- Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty (PTCA)
- Rotoblation
- Stent Insertion
- Valve Replacement
AME Assisted Special Issuances for All Classes
Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners
Substances of Dependence/Abuse (Drugs and Alcohol)
As an Examiner you are required to be aware of the regulations and Agency policy and have a responsibility to inform airmen of the potential adverse effects of medications and to counsel airmen regarding their use. There are numerous conditions that require the chronic use of medications that do not compromise aviation safety and, therefore, are permissible. Airmen who develop short-term, self-limited illnesses are best advised to avoid performing aviation duties while medications are used.
Aeromedical decision-making guidance includes an analysis of the underlying disease or condition and treatment. The underlying disease has an equal and often greater influence upon the determination of aeromedical certification.
General Information for all AMEs
- DUI/DWI/Alcohol Incidents – Disposition Table (PDF)
- Alcohol Event Status Report for the AME (PDF)
- DUI/DWI Personal Statement (PDF)
- Drug Use – Past or Present – Disposition Table (PDF)
- Drug Use Personal Statement (PDF)
- Substance Use Disorders (DSM);Substance Abuse or Substance Dependence (DSM or CFR) (PDF)
- Drug and Alcohol Event – FAA Certification Aid – Required Information (PDF)
- Security Notification/Reporting Events (PDF)
- Substances of Dependence/Abuse FAQs (PDF)
EFFECTIVE IMMEDIATELY – FORMAL HIMS CASES
- This refers ONLY to Pilots who fly for an airline with a HIMS Chairman.
- Case submissions must be sent electronically to WASHINGTON, DC via Huddle AND have an accompanying HIMS Data Sheet. HIMS DATA SHEET.
- Paper format submissions will NOT BE ACCEPTED after January 1, 2023.
- Airline HIMS Chairs will be advised of HIMS AMEs not in compliance at that time.
- All HIMS AMEs must successfully complete Huddle training to be placed on the FAA HIMS AME List. Send training requests to 9-AAM-HIMS@faa.gov.
DO NOT SEND CASE FILES TO THE ABOVE EMAIL. - Send ALL OTHER Drug and Alcohol cases to AMCD at the address indicated on the HIMS-Trained AME Checklist. (No Data Sheet needed.)
- To Transfer HIMS CASES see HIMS AME Change Request
FAA Drug and/or Alcohol Monitoring Program and the HIMS Program:
Airmen who have a regulatory diagnosis of alcohol dependence or abuse may require evaluation and monitoring before they can obtain a medical certificate. If an airman requires monitoring they should establish with a HIMS (Human Intervention Motivation Study) trained AME (HIMS AME) to help them work through the FAA process.
Drug and/or Alcohol monitoring – Initial Certification
- HIMS AME – Huddle Electronic Case Submission and FAQs (PDF)
- HIMS-Trained AME Checklist – Drug and Alcohol Monitoring – Initial Certification (PDF)
- HIMS-Trained AME Data Sheet
- FAA Certification Aid – HIMS Drug and Alcohol – INITIAL (PDF)
- Specifications for Neuropsychological Evaluations for Substance Abuse/Dependence
Drug and/or Alcohol monitoring – Recertification
HIMS AMES should use this section once the airman has a valid Special Issuance Authorization for a Drug or Alcohol condition. In response to NTSB Safety Recommendation A-07-43, the FAA has extended follow up for airmen with a diagnosis of substance dependence on a HIMS Step Down Plan. HIMS AMES should use the following guidance in recommending testing frequency and general milestones.
- HIMS AME Information – HIMS Step Down Plan (PDF)
- Pilot Information – HIMS Step Down Plan (PDF)
- HIMS-Trained AME Checklist Drug and Alcohol Monitoring Recertification (PDF)
- FAA Certification Aid – Drug and Alcohol Monitoring Recertification (PDF)
Drug and/or Alcohol monitoring – Step Down Transition
If the pilot is on a Special Issuance for substance dependence, with or without any other condition, in some instances the HIMS AME may have the option to transition the pilot to another Phase. For guidance on applicable Phases and when this is allowed, see the information below:
- HIMS AME – Step Down Transition Information and How To Guidance
- HIMS AME – Step Down Transition Supplement
Monitoring/HIMS Frequently Asked Questions (PDF)
For information on the Industry Drug and Alcohol Testing Program see Aviation Industry Antidrug and Alcohol Misuse Prevention Programs
Guide for Aviation Medical Examiners
Synopsis of Medical Standards
Download the Synopsis of Medical Standards document.
| Medical Certificate Pilot Type | First-Class Airline Transport Pilot | Second-Class Commercial Pilot | Third-Class Private Pilot | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Distant Vision | 20/20 or better in each eye separately, with or without correction. | 20/40 or better in each eye separately, with or without correction. | ||||||||||||||||
| Near Vision | 20/40 or better in each eye separately (Snellen equivalent), with or without correction, as measured at 16 inches. | |||||||||||||||||
| Intermediate Vision | 20/40 or better in each eye separately (Snellen equivalent), with or without correction at age 50 and over, as measured at 32 inches. | No requirement. | ||||||||||||||||
| Color Vision | Ability to perceive those colors necessary for safe performance of airman duties. | |||||||||||||||||
| Hearing | Demonstrate hearing of an average conversational voice in a quiet room, using both ears at 6 feet, with the back turned to the examiner or pass one of the audiometric tests below. | |||||||||||||||||
| Audiology | Audiometric speech discrimination test: Score at least 70% reception in one ear at an intensity of no greater than 65 dB. Pure tone audiometric test. Unaided, with thresholds no worse than: | |||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||
| Ent | No ear disease or condition manifested by, or that may reasonably be expected to maintained by, vertigo or a disturbance of speech or equilibrium. | |||||||||||||||||
| Pulse | Not disqualifying per se. Used to determine cardiac system status and responsiveness. | |||||||||||||||||
| Blood Pressure | No specified values stated in the standards. The current guideline maximum value is 155/95. | |||||||||||||||||
| Electrocardiogram (ECG) | At age 35 and annually after age 40 (first-class only) | Not routinely required. (second- and third-class only) | ||||||||||||||||
| Mental | No diagnosis of psychosis, or bipolar disorder, or severe personality disorders. | |||||||||||||||||
| Substance Dependence and Substance Abuse | A diagnosis or medical history of substance dependence is disqualifying unless there is established clinical evidence, satisfactory to the Federal Air Surgeon, of recovery, including sustained total abstinence from the substance(s) for not less than the preceding 2 years. A history of substance abuse within the preceding 2 years is disqualifying. Substance includes alcohol and other drugs (i.e., PCP, sedatives and hypnotics, anxiolytics, marijuana, cocaine, opioids, amphetamines, hallucinogens, and other psychoactive drugs or chemicals). | |||||||||||||||||
| Disqualifying Conditions | Unless otherwise directed by the FAA, the Examiner must deny or defer if the applicant has a history of: (1) Diabetes mellitus requiring hypoglycemic medication; (2) Angina pectoris; (3) Coronary heart disease that has been treated or, if untreated, that has been symptomatic or clinically significant; (4) Myocardial infarction; (5) Cardiac valve replacement; (6) Permanent cardiac pacemaker; (7) Heart replacement; (8) Psychosis; (9) Bipolar disorder; (10) Personality disorder that is severe enough to have repeatedly manifested itself by overt acts; (11) Substance dependence; (12) Substance abuse; (13) Epilepsy; (14) Disturbance of consciousness and without satisfactory explanation of cause, and (15) Transient loss of control of nervous system function(s) without satisfactory explanation of cause. | |||||||||||||||||
| Note: For further information, contact your Regional Flight Surgeon. | ||||||||||||||||||